Evaluating the efficacy and drawbacks of traceability technology in the quality assurance of the food supply chain

Abstract

The food industry can significantly benefit from blockchain technology by increasing transparency and visibility throughout the supply chain because it enables end-to-end data traceability in the food retail network. A blockchain does not require a central authority to control all data, reducing organizations' need to disclose their proprietary information. All supply chain participants share only the data essential for a specific record or transaction. In this study, peer-reviewed journal articles were used as secondary data sources for data collection regarding blockchain usage in the food sector. After analyzing the collected data, key findings were organized into relevant themes to address the study's objectives using content analysis. Organizations can adopt a cost-benefit analysis in the food industry when traceability technology is combined with blockchain. Transparency increases revenue and profitability, especially in segments where consumers are willing to pay. However, several risks and challenges must be addressed, including vulnerabilities, piracy, contractual disputes, and hacking. Using smart contracts, blockchain automates production processes and facilitates real-time order settlement. Even the most secure cryptocurrencies on the blockchain can be traced to varying degrees, emphasizing the importance of blockchain transaction reliability. To address privacy concerns and enable data-sharing capabilities, food companies should integrate blockchain with the Internet of Things (IoT). Using blockchain technology in food supply chain and packaging operations can also enhance transparency and traceability by enabling consumers to scan product codes using a mobile app.