Diversity and use of Plants in Carlos Concha, Esmeraldas, Ecuador
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract
In Carlos Concha, Esmeraldas province, a survey was conducted in order to determine the level of use of local plants by the local population. It was determined that 49 species, belonging to 28 botanical families are used. Most of the latter belong to the Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Piperaceae, and Solanaceae families, which include 17.85% of all reported species. All collected plants were collected in the field, pressed, dried, and mounted as herbarium samples. Most of the inhabitants of Carlos Concha practice subsistence agriculture with cacao (Teobrama cacao), maize (Zea mays), cassava (Manihot esculenta), plantains (Musa paradisiaca), and bananas (Musa acuminata) the principal crops. Of the plants reported as useful, 50.1% are used as medicine, insect repellent, and wound healing. As much as 24.4% of the reported species are used as food, three species are used as construction materials, whereas uses related to handicraft manufacturing and ritual activities are less frequent, with only one species used for these purposes. Additionally, 9 species were reported to be used for other purposes, including fuel (coal), forage and ornamental uses.
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Tafur Recalde VL, et al.
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing and protecting the author rights is the central aim and core of the publishing business. Peertechz dedicates itself in making it easier for people to share and build upon the work of others while maintaining consistency with the rules of copyright. Peertechz licensing terms are formulated to facilitate reuse of the manuscripts published in journals to take maximum advantage of Open Access publication and for the purpose of disseminating knowledge.
We support 'libre' open access, which defines Open Access in true terms as free of charge online access along with usage rights. The usage rights are granted through the use of specific Creative Commons license.
Peertechz accomplice with- [CC BY 4.0]
Explanation
'CC' stands for Creative Commons license. 'BY' symbolizes that users have provided attribution to the creator that the published manuscripts can be used or shared. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the author.
Please take in notification that Creative Commons user licenses are non-revocable. We recommend authors to check if their funding body requires a specific license.
With this license, the authors are allowed that after publishing with Peertechz, they can share their research by posting a free draft copy of their article to any repository or website.
'CC BY' license observance:
License Name |
Permission to read and download |
Permission to display in a repository |
Permission to translate |
Commercial uses of manuscript |
CC BY 4.0 |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
The authors please note that Creative Commons license is focused on making creative works available for discovery and reuse. Creative Commons licenses provide an alternative to standard copyrights, allowing authors to specify ways that their works can be used without having to grant permission for each individual request. Others who want to reserve all of their rights under copyright law should not use CC licenses.
Sánchez-Capa M, Corell Gonzalez M, Mestanza-Ramón C. Edible Fruits from the Ecuadorian Amazon: Ethnobotany, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Bioactive Components. Plants. 2023;12(20):3635. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203635
Castellanos Camacho LI. Ethnobotanical knowledge, patterns of use and management of useful plants in the Cane-Iguaque river basin (Boyacá-Colombia): an approach from biodiversity use systems. Environ Soc. 2011;14:45-75. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1414-753X2011000100004
Abril Saltos RV, Vásquez TE R, Lazo JA, Banguera DV, Guayasamín PDR, Vargas JKA, et al. The use of medicinal plants by rural populations of the Pastaza province in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Acta Amazonica. 2016;46(4):355-366. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201600305
Abril RV, Aguinda JK, Ruiz TE, Alonso J. Plant species used in animal feed in the Mera, Santa Clara, and Pastaza cantons in the province of Pastaza, Ecuador. Cuban J Agric Sci. 2015;49(3):415-423. Available from: https://cjascience.com/index.php/CJAS/article/view/522
Del Rocío Ruenes-Morales M, Casas A, Jiménez-Osornio JJ, Caballero J. Ethnobotany of Spondias purpurea L. (Anacardiaceae) in the Yucatan Peninsula. Interciencia. 2010;35(4):247-254. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/339/33913156003.pdf
Gallegos-Zurita M. Medicinal plants: main alternative for health care in the rural population of Babahoyo, Ecuador. Ann Fac Med. 2016;77(4):327-332. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-55832016000400002
Kandari LS, Phondani PC, Payal KC, Rao KS, Maikhuri RK. Ethnobotanical study towards conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in upper catchments of Dhauli Ganga in the central Himalaya. J Mountain Sci. 2012;9(2):286-296. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332350353_Ethnobotanical_Study_towards_Conservation_of_Medicinal_and_Aromatic_Plants_in_Upper_Catchments_of_Dhauli_Ganga_in_the_Central_Himalaya
Ulloa XA, Endara A. Diversity of vascular flora of the Chocó Andino in the Virgin Forest area, Ecuador. Enfoque UTE. 2016;7(2):82-96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v7n2.97
INEC. Population and Housing Census-2022. Quito, Ecuador: Institute of Statistics and Censuses; 2022. Available from: https://sid.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/sid.portal.gov.bd/publications/01ad1ffe_cfef_4811_af97_594b6c64d7c3/PHC_Preliminary_Report_(English)_August_2022.pdf
GAD-Carlos Concha. PD and OT Territorial Development and Planning Plan 2014-2019. Rural Parish Decentralized Autonomous Government Colonel Carlos Concha Torres; 2014.
Medina U, Millán-Linares M, Arana-Argaes V, Segura-Campos M. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) IM Johnst) extracts. Hosp Nutr. 2020;37(1):46-55. Available from: https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.02752
Arroyo J, Herrera-Calderón O, Chávez-Asmat R, Ventura E, Buendía J, Pacheco J, Palomino R. In vitro antitumor effect of Piper aduncum L. (matico) essential oil and its oral toxicity in mice. Ann Fac Med. 2014;75(1):13-18. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-55832014000100003
Brazao MAB, Brazao FV, Guilherme J, Monteiro MC. Antibacterial activity of Piper aduncum oil and dillapiole, its main component, against multiresistant strains. Lat Am Carib Bull Med Aromat Plants. 2014;13(6):517-526. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/856/85632545002.pdf
Cevallos D, Jaramillo C, Cuesta O, Zaldua J, Garcia G, de Astudillo L. Chemical composition, healing activity, and toxicity of Croton lechleri latex. Sci Mag. 2016;26(2):95-103. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=95945988006
Aylin V. Preparation of a drink with antioxidant properties based on mucilage from fistula cane (Cassia fistula L.) with passion fruit (Passiflora edulis L.) [dissertation]. Agrarian University of Ecuador; 2021.
Mendoza Avilés H. Characterization of non-timber forest products (NTFP) and their relationship with the sustainable livelihoods of the Noble Guadúa Association in the Olón Commune. Master in Agribusiness Management and Sustainable Markets; 2023.
Ayala-Jara CI, Castillo-Saavedra EF, Alfaro-Avalos KY, Aspiros-Freyre E, Seclén-Ayala LE. Development of a cosmetic dye based on Bixa orellana L. seed (Bixaceae) and evaluation of its effect in vitro. Sci Agropecu. 2018;9(1):133-141. Available from: https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20193359616
Bustos P, Perdomo D. Evaluation of the immobilization of Trametes versicolor DSM 3086 in common scouring pad (Luffa cylindrica). El Bosque Univ. Bogotá, Colombia; 2018.
Jadán O, Torres B, Selesi D, Peña D, Rosales C, Günter S. Floristic diversity and structure in traditional cocoa plantations and natural forest (Sumaco, Ecuador). Colomb Forestry. 2016;19(2):129-142. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305085404_Floristic_diversity_and_structure_in_traditional_cocoa_plantations_and_natural_forest_Sumaco_Ecuador
Meza Bone G, Cabrera Verdezoto R, Morán Morán J, Meza Bone F, Cabrera Verdesoto C, Meza Bone C, Ortiz Dicado J. Improvement of fattening of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus L.) based on grasses and tropical shrub forages in the Quevedo area, Ecuador. Idesia (Arica). 2014;32(3):75-80. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292014000300010
Dalgo-Flores V, Rodríguez-Basantes A, Brito-Moína H. Obtaining the natural dye from Bactris gasipaes. Domain Sci. 2020;6(2):675-691.
Martínez-Girón J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez X, Pinzón-Zárate L, Ordóñez-Santos L. Physicochemical characterization of flour from chontaduro fruit residues (Bactris gasipaes Kunth, Arecaceae) obtained by convective drying. Agric Sci Technol. 2017;18(3):599-613. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol18_num3_art:747
López-Calvo R, Pérez AM, Ivankovich Guillén C, Calderón Villaplana S, Pineda Castro ML. Evaluation of consumer acceptance of a pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes) snack and study of its potential as a functional food. Lat Am Nutr Arch. 2015;65(1):51-58. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26320306/
Granados Medina C. Alternative uses of chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes) in the agri-food chain, a review. 2022.
Moraes M, Paniagua-Zambrana N, Cámara-Leret R, Balslev H, Macia M. Useful palms from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Harvesting Palms in the Northwest South America Scientific Bases for Their Management Conserv. Balslev H, Macia M, Navarrete H, eds. 2014:87-102. Available from: https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/palmas-%C3%BAtiles-de-bolivia-colombia-ecuador-y-per%C3%BA
Smith N. Socratea exorrhiza. In: Palms and People in the Amazon. Springer; 2015:455-463. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321524052_Palms_and_People_in_the_Amazon
Jiménez González A, Mero Holguin EJ, Veliz Cedeño KJ, Ramos Rodríguez MP. Exploitation and potential uses of Carludovica palmata Ruiz & Pav. as a non-timber forest product. Rev Cubana Cienc Forestales. 2023;11(2). Available from: https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A3%3A23485619/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A172907074&crl=c
Gómez Barrera M, Arrubla R. Contribution to the phytochemical and pharmacological study of extracts of Witheringia solanacea.
Tello-Ceron G, Flores Pimentel M, Gómez Galarza V. Use of medicinal plants from the Quero district, Jauja, Junín Region, Peru. Appl Ecol. 2019;18(1):11-20. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rea.v18i1.1301
Leiva González S, Gayoso Bazán G, Chang Chávez L. Annona muricata L. "soursop" (Annonaceae), a fruit used as food in pre-Hispanic Peru. Arnaldoa. 2018;25(1):127-140. Available from: http://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.251.25108
Kuri-García A, Guzmán S. Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Cnidoscolus chayamansa and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius: A review. J Med Plants Res. 2017;11(45):713-727. Available from: https://academicjournals.org/journal/JMPR/article-full-text-pdf/4A3FF2F66877